Queen Make America Great Britain Again
Queen Elizabeth II of Britain is the longest-reigning monarch in British history. She celebrated 65 years on the throne in Feb 2017 with her Sapphire Jubilee.
Who Is Queen Elizabeth II?
Queen Elizabeth II became queen on February 6, 1952, and was crowned on June 2, 1953. She is the mother of Prince Charles, heir to the throne, too as the grandmother of Princes William and Harry. As the longest-serving monarch in British history, she has tried to make her reign more than modernistic and sensitive to a changing public while maintaining traditions associated with the crown.
Early Life
Queen Elizabeth Ii was born Princess Elizabeth Alexandra Mary on April 21, 1926, in London, to Prince Albert, Duke of York (afterwards known every bit King George VI), and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
At the time of her birth, about people did not realize Elizabeth would someday go the queen of Britain. Elizabeth, nicknamed Lilibet, got to enjoy the first decade of her life with all the privileges of being a royal without the pressures of being the heir apparent.
Elizabeth'southward begetter and mother divided their time between a home in London and Purple Lodge, the family's home on the grounds of Windsor Keen Park. Elizabeth and her younger sis Margaret were educated at home by tutors. Academic courses included French, mathematics and history, forth with dancing, singing and art lessons.
With the outbreak of Earth War Two in 1939, Elizabeth and her sis largely stayed out of London, having been relocated to Windsor Castle. From in that location she made the first of her famous radio broadcasts in 1940, with this particular speech reassuring the children of U.k. who had been evacuated from their homes and families. The 14-year-old princess, showing her calm and firm personality, told them "that in the end, all volition exist well; for God will treat us and give us victory and peace."
Elizabeth presently started taking on other public duties. Appointed colonel-in-master of the Grenadier Guards by her father, Elizabeth made her outset public appearance inspecting the troops in 1942. She also began to accompany her parents on official visits within Britain.
In 1945, Elizabeth joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service to help in the state of war try. She trained side-past-side with other British women to exist an expert commuter and mechanic. While her volunteer work just lasted a few months, it offered Elizabeth a glimpse into a unlike, non-majestic world. She had some other bright experience outside of the monarchy when she and Margaret were allowed to mingle anonymously amidst the citizenry on Victory in Europe Mean solar day.
PHOTOS: Elizabeth's Regal Childhood & Life Before Becoming Queen
Ascension to the Crown
When Elizabeth'south grandpa George 5 died in 1936, his eldest son (Elizabeth's uncle) became Rex Edward Viii. Edward, even so, was in dearest with American divorcée Wallis Simpson, and had to choose between the crown and his heart. In the stop, Edward chose Simpson and abdicated the crown.
The event changed the course of her life, making her the heir presumptive to the British crown. Her begetter was crowned King George Six in 1937, taking on the name George to emphasize continuity with his father. Her mother became Queen Elizabeth; on King George's death in 1952, she became Queen Mother and her daughter became Queen Elizabeth Two.
Coronation
Elizabeth was crowned Queen Elizabeth Ii on June 2, 1953, in Westminster Abbey, at the age of 25.
Elizabeth had causeless the responsibilities of the ruling monarch on February half dozen, 1952, when her father, King George Six, died. For the first time ever, the coronation anniversary was circulate on boob tube, allowing people from across the globe to witness the pomp and spectacle of the event.
Hubby Prince Philip
Elizabeth married her afar cousin Philip Mountbatten (a surname adopted from his mother's side) on Nov xx, 1947, at London's Westminster Abbey.
Elizabeth first met Philip, son of Prince Andrew of Greece, when she was only 13. She was smitten with him from the first. The 2 kept in touch over the years and eventually fell in honey.
They fabricated an unusual pair. Elizabeth was placidity and reserved while Philip was boisterous and outspoken. Her father, King George Half dozen, was hesitant about the match because, while Mountbatten had ties to both the Danish and Greek royal families, he didn't possess bang-up wealth and was considered by some to take a rough personality.
At the time of their wedding, Bang-up United kingdom was notwithstanding recovering from the ravages of Earth State of war II, and Elizabeth collected clothing coupons to get fabric for her gown.
The family took on the name Windsor, a move pushed past her mother and Prime Minister Winston Churchill which acquired tension with her husband. In 1960, she reversed course, issuing orders that her descendants who did not carry majestic titles (or needed final names for legal purposes such as weddings) would employ the surname Mountbatten-Windsor. Over the years, Philip inspired numerous public relations headaches with his off-the-cuff, controversial comments and rumors of possible infidelities.
Philip passed away on April nine, 2021, at age 99.
Children
Elizabeth and Philip wasted no time in producing an heir: Son Charles was born in 1948, the year after their wedding, and daughter Anne arrived in 1950. Elizabeth had two more than children — sons Andrew and Edward — in 1960 and 1964, respectively.
In 1969, she officially made Charles her successor by granting him the title of Prince of Wales. Hundreds of millions of people tuned in to see the ceremony on boob tube.
In 1981 32-twelvemonth-sometime Charles wed 19-year-sometime Diana Spencer (best known as Princess Diana), with later rumors surfacing that he was pressured into the spousal relationship from his family. The wedding ceremony drew enormous crowds in the streets of London and millions watched the proceedings on television receiver. Public opinion of the monarchy was specially strong at that time.
Grandchildren and Great-Grandchildren
Charles and Diana gave birth to Elizabeth's grandsons Prince William, who was created Duke of Cambridge upon his own marriage in 2011, 2nd-in-line to the throne, in 1982, and Prince Harry in 1984. Elizabeth has emerged equally a devoted grandmother to William and Harry. Prince William has said that she offered invaluable back up and guidance as he and Kate Middleton planned their 2011 hymeneals.
On July 22, 2013, Elizabeth'south grandson William and his wife Catherine, the Duchess of Cambridge, welcomed their starting time child, George Alexander Louis — a successor to the throne known officially every bit "His Royal Highness Prince George of Cambridge."
On May 2, 2015, William and Kate welcomed their second child, Princess Charlotte Elizabeth Diana, the queen's 5th groovy-grandchild. On Apr 23, 2018, they followed with their third kid, Prince Louis Arthur Charles.
On May 6, 2019, Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex and his wife, Meghan Markle, gave the queen another great-grandchild with the birth of their son, Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor.
In addition to Prince William and Prince Harry, the queen's other grandchildren are Peter Phillips, Princess Beatrice of York; Princess Eugenie of York; Zara Tindall; Lady Louise Windsor; and James, Viscount Severn. She is also a great-grandmother to 10.
Family Tree
Elizabeth II's father and mother were known every bit the Duke and Duchess of York. Her father, Prince Albert, Duke of York, was the second son of Queen Mary and Rex George V. Her mother was Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon.
Elizabeth has ties with virtually of the monarchs in Europe. Her British ancestors include Queen Victoria (ruled 1837 to 1901) and King George III (ruled 1760 to 1820).
PHOTOS: The British Royal Family Tree: 10 Members in Line to Succeed the Throne
Reign
Elizabeth's long and mainly peaceful reign has been marked by vast changes in her people's lives, in her country's ability, how Britain is viewed abroad and how the monarchy is regarded and portrayed. Every bit a constitutional monarch, Elizabeth does not weigh in on political matters, nor does she reveal her political views. However, she confers regularly with her prime ministers.
When Elizabeth became queen, post-war U.k. however had a substantial empire, dominions and dependencies. However, during the 1950s and 1960s, many of these possessions achieved independence and the British Empire evolved into the Republic of Nations. Elizabeth II has thus made visits to other countries as head of the Democracy and a representative of United kingdom, including a groundbreaking trip to Deutschland in 1965. She became the first British monarch to make a state visit there in more than than five decades.
During the 1970s and 1980s, Elizabeth connected to travel extensively. In 1973 she attended the Democracy Conference in Ottawa, Canada, and in 1976 traveled to the U.s.a. for the 200th anniversary celebration of America's independence from Britain. More a calendar week subsequently she was in Montreal, Canada, to open the Summer Olympics. In 1979, she traveled to State of kuwait, Bahrain, Saudi arabia, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Sultanate of oman, which garnered international attention and widespread respect.
In 1982, Elizabeth worried about her second son, Prince Andrew, who served as a helicopter pilot in the British Royal Navy during the Falklands War. Uk went to state of war with Argentine republic over the Falkland Islands, a disharmonism that lasted for several weeks. While more than 250 British soldiers died in the disharmonize, Prince Andrew returned home safe and well, much to his mother's relief.
In 2011, Elizabeth showed that the crown still had symbolic and diplomatic ability when she became the showtime British monarch to visit the Commonwealth of Ireland since 1911 (when all of Ireland was however function of the United Kingdom).
Equally queen, Elizabeth has modernized the monarchy, dropping some of its formalities and making sure sites and treasures more accessible to the public. Equally Britain and other nations struggled financially, U.k. abolished the Civil Listing in 2012, which was a public funding system of the monarchy dating back roughly 250 years. The imperial family unit continues to receive some authorities support, but the queen has had to cut back on spending.
Despite the occasional phone call to step aside for Charles, Elizabeth remained steadfast in her purple obligations equally she passed her 90th birthday. She continued making more 400 engagements per yr, maintaining her back up of hundreds of charitable organizations and programs.
Notwithstanding, in tardily 2017 the monarchy took what was considered a major step toward transitioning to the next generation: On November 12, Charles handled the traditional Remembrance Sunday duty of placing a wreath at the Cenotaph war memorial, as the queen watched from a nearby balustrade.
In August 2019, Elizabeth made a rare intrusion into political matters when she agreed to a request by Prime Government minister Boris Johnson to prorogue (suspend) Parliament until October fourteen, less than three weeks before Great britain'due south planned departure from the European Marriage.
Relationship With Prime number Ministers
Elizabeth has had 14 prime ministers placed into power during her reign, with queen and PM having a weekly, confidential meeting. (Elizabeth has too met almost a quarter of all the U.S. presidents in history, nearly recently receiving Donald Trump for a land visit in June 2019.)
She enjoyed a father-figure human relationship with the iconic Winston Churchill and was later on able to loosen upwards a fleck and be somewhat breezy with Labour leaders Harold Wilson and James Callaghan. In contrast, she and Margaret Thatcher had a very formal, distant relationship, with the PM tending to exist a grating lecturer to the queen on a variety of problems.
Tony Blair saw certain concepts around the monarchy as somewhat outdated, though he did appreciate Elizabeth making a public statement afterwards the death of Diana.
Later, Bourgeois leader David Cameron, who is Elizabeth'due south 5th cousin removed, enjoyed a warm rapport with the queen. He apologized in 2014 for revealing in a chat that she was confronting the Scottish referendum to seek independence from Nifty Britain.
Theresa May was described every bit being tight-lipped about Brexit plans to leave the European Matrimony, with a rumor circulating that Elizabeth was perturbed over not beingness informed near future go out strategies.
DOWNLOAD BIOGRAPHY'S QUEEN ELIZABETH II FACT Card
Threats to Queen Elizabeth and the Royal Family
Elizabeth has worked tirelessly to protect the image of the monarchy and to prepare for its future. But she has seen the monarchy come under assail during her lifetime. The once-revered institution has weathered a number of storms, including death threats against the royal family.
In 1979, Elizabeth suffered a not bad personal loss when Lord Mountbatten, her hubby'southward uncle, died in a terrorist bombing. Mountbatten and several members of his family were aboard his boat on August 27th, off the westward coast of Republic of ireland, when the vessel exploded. He and iii others, including one of his grandsons, were killed. The IRA (Irish gaelic Republican Army), which opposed British rule in Northern Ireland, took responsibility for the attack.
In June 1981, Elizabeth herself had a dangerous see. She was riding in the Trooping the Colour, a special military parade to celebrate her official birthday, when a human in the crowd pointed a gun at her. He fired, merely, fortunately, the gun was loaded with blanks. Other than receiving a practiced scare, the queen was not injure.
Elizabeth had an even closer call the following yr when an intruder broke into Buckingham Palace and confronted her in her bedroom. When the printing got wind of the fact that Prince Philip was nowhere to be seen during this incident, they speculated well-nigh the state of the royal marriage.
Tabloid Scandals
The union of Elizabeth's son, Charles, to Diana fabricated headlines for years before the couple appear their separation in 1992, followed by their formal divorce in 1996. In the wake of Diana's death in a Paris car crash on August 31, 1997, Elizabeth experienced intense media scrutiny. Her incredibly popular ex-daughter-in-law had been called the "People's Princess."
The queen was at her Balmoral manor in Scotland with Charles and his and Diana's ii sons, Prince William and Prince Harry, at the time. For days, Elizabeth remained silent while the country mourned Diana'due south passing, and she was sharply criticized for her lack of response.
Stories circulated that the queen did not want to give Diana a royal funeral, which only fueled public sentiment confronting the monarch. Nearly a calendar week subsequently Diana's death, Elizabeth returned to London and issued a statement on the tardily princess.
Elizabeth also initially objected to the human relationship between her son Charles and Camilla Parker Bowles. Charles and Camilla had dated years before he met his family, but the relationship ended under family force per unit area, simply to resume during Charles and Diana's marriage. Known to be a stickler for ceremony and tradition, she eventually started to prove signs of softening her stance over the years. When Charles and Camilla wed in 2005, Elizabeth and Prince Philip did non attend the civil anniversary just attended a religious blessing and held a reception in their honor at Windsor Castle.
In 1992, some other of Elizabeth's children, Prince Andrew, ended upwardly in the tabloids, later on photos emerged of his wife Sarah Ferguson and another man engaged in romantic activeness. The couple divorced soon afterward.
In November 2017, the media reported the queen had some $13 million invested in offshore accounts. The news came following the leak of the and so-called "Paradise Papers" to a German language paper, which shared the documents with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists.
The Duchy of Lancaster, which holds assets for the queen, confirmed that some of its investments were overseas accounts, but insisted they were all legitimate.
Also in 2017, the quondam possessor of the lingerie company Rigby & Peller, which had serviced Elizabeth for more than 50 years, wrote a tell-all autobiography that included some of her experiences with the royal family. Although the author insisted that "the book doesn't incorporate anything naughty," the queen responded in early 2018 by revoking Rigby & Peller's royal warrant.
In 2019, following years of scandal surrounding his controversial concern pursuits and friendship with bedevilled sexual activity offender Jeffrey Epstein, Prince Andrew was forced to footstep downward from public duties, post-obit a media firestorm.
Merely weeks later on, in Jan 2020, the family over again found themselves in the spotlight, post-obit the bombshell decision by the Duke and Duchess of Sussex to step away from their roles as senior royals.
Personal Losses
After the showtime of the 21st century, Elizabeth experienced two neat losses. She said farewell to both her sister Margaret and her female parent in 2002, the same yr she celebrated her Gilded Jubilee, or 50th year on the throne.
Margaret, known for being more of an audacious soul than other royals and who was barred from marrying an early love, died in Feb afterwards suffering a stroke. Only a few weeks afterwards, Elizabeth's mother, known as the Queen Mother, died at Royal Gild on March 30th at the age of 101.
Diamond Jubilee
Elizabeth celebrated her Diamond Jubilee in 2012, marker 60 years as queen. As office of the jubilee festivities, a special BBC concert was held on June 4th featuring the likes of Shirley Bassey, Paul McCartney, Tom Jones, Stevie Wonder and Kylie Minogue. Elizabeth was surrounded by family unit at this historic event, including her hubby Philip, son Charles and grandsons Harry and William.
On September 9, 2015, she surpassed her great-great-grandmother Queen Victoria equally United kingdom'southward longest-ruling monarch, who reigned for 63 years.
Sapphire Jubilee
On February six, 2017, the queen historic 65 years on the throne, the only British monarch to e'er celebrate her Sapphire Jubilee. The date also marks the anniversary of the death of her father. The queen chose to spend the twenty-four hour period quietly at Sandringham, her state manor north of London, where she attended a church building service.
In London, there were royal gun salutes at Green Park and at the Tower of London to mark the occasion. The Majestic Mint besides issued viii new commemorative coins in award of the queen's Sapphire Jubilee.
Hobbies
For much of her life, the queen has surrounded herself with dogs. She is specially known for her love of corgis, owning more than 30 descendants of the first corgi she received as a teenager, until the death of the last ane, Willow, in 2018.
Elizabeth is also a horse enthusiast who bred thoroughbreds and attended racing events for many years.
Not i for the spotlight, Elizabeth likes tranquillity pastimes. She enjoys reading mysteries, working on crossword puzzles and, reportedly, even watching wrestling on television.
Source: https://www.biography.com/royalty/queen-elizabeth-ii
Post a Comment for "Queen Make America Great Britain Again"