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American campaign slogan

Trump'due south "Make America Keen Once again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence as his vice presidential running mate

"Brand America Corking Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized past Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Let's Make America Bully Again" in his successful 1980 presidential campaign. Bill Clinton as well used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it over again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton's unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary campaign. Douglas Schoen has chosen Trump's apply of the phrase "probably the most resonant entrada slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the state was in decline.[two] [3]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, beingness used past those who support and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link it to racism in the United States, regarding it every bit dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [5] [6] [7] The slogan was also at the center of 2 events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett set on hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [ix] [ten] [11]

Utilise before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used past Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a speech communication at the third session of the 76th United States Congress in anticipation of the 1940 U.s.a. presidential ballot: "What is the way? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of united states. America needs a leader who can coordinate labor, capital, and direction; who tin give the homo of enterprise encouragement, who tin give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition make America slap-up again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertisement associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential entrada.[thirteen]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit's make America keen once again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential campaign. At the time the Usa was suffering from a worsening economy at abode marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the country'south economic distress equally a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amongst the electorate.[14] [fifteen] [16] [17] Within his acceptance spoken communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without chore opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they live. For those who've abased hope, we'll restore hope and we'll welcome them into a great national cause to make America peachy again."[18] [xix]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[20] by Neb Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton'due south 2008 presidential primary campaign.[22]

During the 2016 electoral entrada, Clinton suggested that Trump'due south version, used equally a entrada rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give y'all an economy you lot had 50 years ago, and... motility you dorsum up on the social totem pole and other people down."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book well-nigh her unsuccessful 2010 bid equally the Republican nominee for a US Senate seat in Delaware was published by St. Martin's Press on August 16, 2011, as Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes to Make America Slap-up Once more.[24]

Use past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a statement in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up because, above all else, we must make America neat once again."[25] Also in Dec 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the like phrase "Making America #i Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Bully Again!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Brand America Cracking Again" by stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On January 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Country's office to create the "Make America Neat Over again Party", which would have immune Trump to exist that party's nominee if he had decided to become a 3rd-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on Nov seven, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Mitt Romney. By his own business relationship, Trump offset considered "We Will Make America Not bad", but did non feel like it had the right "ring" to it. "Make America Cracking" was his next slogan thought, only upon further reflection, he felt that it was a slight to America because information technology implied that America was never great. After selecting "Brand America Great Again", Trump immediately had an chaser annals it. (Trump later on said he was unaware of Reagan'due south use in 1980 until 2015, only noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On November 12 he signed an application with the U.s.a. Patent and Trademark Function requesting exclusive rights to utilize the slogan for political purposes. Information technology was registered as a service mark on July 14, 2015, afterward Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [30] Trump used the slogan in public as early as August 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Make America Great Again" on a roadside in California presently later on the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Great" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump frequently used the slogan, peculiarly past wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white messages, which soon became popular among his supporters.[32] The slogan was and then important to the campaign that at i point it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real hat ten to one. "...just it was a slogan, and every time somebody buys ane, that's an advertizing."[28]

Post-obit Trump'southward election, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Groovy" and he sought to trademark information technology.[28] [34] However, Trump's 2020 campaign continued to use the "Make America Great Over again" slogan.[35] Trump's vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention oral communication, garnering ridicule.[36] In late 2021, this phrase became the proper noun of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[37]

Less than a week after Trump left office, he spoke to advisors virtually possibly establishing a third party, which he suggested might be named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his starting time few days out of role, he also supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who likewise chosen for the creation of a "MAGA Political party". In late January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to foreclose Republican senators from voting to captive him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the House.[38] [39]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump dedicated himself by tweeting "My apply of social media is not Presidential – information technology's MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Great Again!" on July 1, 2017.[forty]

In the first half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[41] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a post's retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the average Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[41]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[42] According to RiteTag,[43] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: one,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[43]

Donald Trump prepare his Twitter account in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential election, with especially notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Political party nomination (May 3, 2016) and afterwards winning the presidency.[44]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its apply since 2015, information technology is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Voice of America journalist, among others,[five] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because information technology "doesn't merely entreatment to people who hear it as racist coded language, simply also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have get more empowered."[4] Every bit Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates as America Showtime did in the early 1940s, with the idea "that the truthful version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before information technology was diluted with other races and other people."[45]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Great Again' hat is non necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if you lot wear one, it'south a pretty good indication that you share, admire or appreciate President Trump's racist views almost Mexicans, Muslims and edge walls."[6] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this characterization and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[46] [47] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabulous", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists mostly, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[48] Polling has shown that about ten percent of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[49] [ not-primary source needed ] while nearly thirty percent of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[l] [ better source needed ]

Use by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and writer Peter Beinart published a 2006 book titled The Good Fight: Why Liberals – and But Liberals – Tin can Win the State of war on Terror and Make America Great Again [51] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr after the Invasion of Republic of iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book almost her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special ballot titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Brand America Great Again.[52]

After Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's primary opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to send cease-and-desist messages to them.[28] Cruz later sold hats featuring, "Make Trump Argue Again", in response to Trump'southward boycotting the Iowa Jan 28, 2016 fence.[53] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Brand America Mexico Once more", a critique of Trump'south immigration policies regarding the U.S.–United mexican states border.[54] [55]

Apply past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 bill signing.[56] [57] Sometime The states Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did y'all think America was great?"[58] [59] During John McCain's memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to be made cracking over again because America was always smashing."[lx] Trump subsequently tweeted "MAKE AMERICA GREAT Again!" later that day.[61]

Use by hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks found that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were commonly used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used as "an organizing discursive space" for far-right extremists globally.[62]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of France, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The terminal sentence of the speech delivered by him was "brand our planet cracking again."[63]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in Oct 2018, former opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia great over again", though he denied having copied Trump.[64]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Democratic Political party used the slogan "Make European union Lagom Again".[65] [66]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Globe Greta Once again"

Members of the Fridays for Time to come Motion have ofttimes used slogans like "Brand Earth Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[67] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary flick named Make the World Greta Again.[68]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Again" stage backdrop reminiscent of the "Make America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA lid

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult amusement [edit]

  • Adult picture show star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an affair with President Trump, took role in a "Brand America Horny Again" strip guild tour. The tour followed Trump'southward initial 2016 campaign trail and function of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[69]

Advertising [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing campaign used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[seventy]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Again was a street art landscape by creative person Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Lithuania.[71] [72]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cross's 2016 stand up-up tour was titled "Making America Great Once again".[73]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, two Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an clan with Developed Swim and Cartoon Network, and dressed every bit the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Make FishCenter Keen Again" hats.[74] [75] [76]

Fashion [edit]

  • Way Designer Andre Soriano used the "Brand America Swell Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to pattern a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wear on Ruby Carpeting e.k. 2017 Grammy Awards.[77]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Peachy Over again" to Sergeant Nicholas Angel.[78]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Great Again" fez hat in one scene.[79]
  • The Syfy moving-picture show Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Once again".[lxxx]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Election Twelvemonth (2016) is "Proceed America Bang-up" (a phrase Trump would later employ as his 2020 entrada slogan); one of the TV spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they support the Purge, with one stating he does and then "to keep my country [America] cracking".[81] The next film in the franchise, The First Purge, was after advertised with a poster featuring its championship stylized on a MAGA lid.[82]
  • The grapheme Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the picture.[83]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassinator's Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Great Again" during his entrada against Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat xi (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombatxi newcomer Kollector to "brand Outworld groovy again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Make America Nazi-Free Over again" in its marketing campaign.[84]
  • In Metal Gear Rising: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Keen Again" during his speech while contesting Raiden.[85]

Music [edit]

  • Autumn Out Male child released a remix of their anthology American Beauty/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Once again.[86]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a song in 2018 called Thou.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[87]
  • Brand America Stone Again was a rock concert tour.[88]
  • Rap stone supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Confronting the Car, Public Enemy and Cypress Hill, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Make America Rage Once more Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • UK musician and writer James Kennedy released a rock protest anthology in 2020 called 'Make Anger Great Again'[89]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Make America Crip Again".[90]
  • Frank Turner released a song chosen "Make America Great Again" on his album Be More Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a unmarried "Make America Peachy Again" a few months after actualization at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[91]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a hat saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Promise" poster.[92]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Anarchism released a song titled Make America Neat Again.[93]
  • Metal band Thy Art Is Murder released a vocal called "Brand America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They also sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Neat Once more".

Sports [edit]

  • And then-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a chapeau saying "Make Baseball Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia Due east. Butler used "Brand America Keen Again" as the presidential campaign slogan for a character, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[94] Jarret is described as "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and authorities together and cemented the link with money from rich businessmen".[95]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Engagement Once more",[96] a satirical book on dating and relationships.

Television set [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his show Concluding Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment dedicated to Trump, urging viewers to "Brand Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original ancestral proper name of the Trump family.[97] [98] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 meg views.[98]
  • In the Due south Park episode "Where My Land Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a entrada that is a parody of Trump's, are seen holding signs bearing the slogan.[99]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What's Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious once again", a line that was compared to Trump past many reviewers.[100] [101] [102] [103]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used past Trump.[i]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

gauthierstrater.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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